Genre: Shoot'em up

A shoot ’em up is a game where your ship, sub or soldier faces wave after wave of enemies and the fire button rarely rests. On the Atari 2600 the genre had to cope with tight limits: the graphics chip can draw only two player sprites and two missiles on a line, so more enemies than that means flicker or careful spacing. Designers also had to fit scrolling backgrounds, bullets and a score into 128 bytes of RAM.
This list is unusual because many of its best-known games were never sold. As the video game market collapsed in 1983 and 1984, Atari cancelled or shelved many nearly finished cartridges, and the prototypes that survived have since been shared by collectors. Several of them are here:

Xevious: Tod Frye’s nearly complete 1984 version of Namco’s scrolling shooter; only the Atari 7800 version reached the shops.
Sinistar: an almost finished 1984 take on the Williams arcade game.
Tempest: a roughly half-finished prototype from January 1984 of Atari’s tube-shooting arcade game.
Saboteur: Howard Scott Warshaw’s 1983 robot shooter, shelved when Atari wanted to turn it into an A-Team game.
Aquaventure: a 1983 undersea treasure hunt with a spear gun, completed but never released.
Combat Two: a 1982 sequel to Combat with mazes, armour and bases, made at General Computer Corporation.

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A.E.

A.E. is an unreleased Atari 5200 port of Broderbund's 1982 computer shooter, in which you blow up swooping formations of robot stingrays with a missile that you detonate by hand. Atari had a near-final cartridge in January 1984…

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Defender

Defender is Atari's 1982 Atari 5200 version of the 1981 Williams arcade hit, in which you fly over a scrolling planet and shoot down the aliens trying to carry off its people. With two fire buttons and the…

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Galaxian

Galaxian is Atari's 1982 Atari 5200 version of Namco's 1979 arcade shooter, programmed by Joseph Tung and released in the console's first months. Aliens peel out of formation and dive at your ship while you pick them off…

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Space Invaders

Space Invaders was one of the cartridges on sale when the Atari 5200 launched in October 1982. Atari's version of Taito's 1978 arcade game adds twelve game variations, four different sets of invaders that mutate in the final…

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Centipede

Centipede is Atari's own Atari 5200 version of its 1981 arcade hit, released in the console's first months. You shoot at a centipede winding down through a field of mushrooms while a spider, a flea and a scorpion…

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Asteroids

Asteroids for the Atari 7800 swaps the arcade game's thin vector outlines for solid, shaded rocks that spin as they drift across the screen. General Computer Corporation programmed it for Atari in 1984, but it had to wait…

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Centipede

Centipede is the 1986 Atari 7800 version of Atari's 1981 arcade shooter, made by General Computer Corporation and released as one of the console's first games. You zap a centipede as it winds down through a mushroom forest,…

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Desert Falcon

Desert Falcon is a diagonally scrolling shooter set in ancient Egypt, designed by Bob Polaro, developed by General Computer Corporation and published by Atari for the 7800. You fly a falcon over the sands, gather treasure, collect hieroglyphs…

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Galaga

Galaga is Namco's 1981 arcade shooter: waves of aliens fly into formation and dive at your ship at the bottom of the screen. General Computer Corporation made this Atari 7800 version, released by Atari Corporation in 1986. The…

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Ikari Warriors

Ikari Warriors is a top-down action shooter based on SNK's 1986 arcade game: one or two soldiers fight through the jungle with machine guns, grenades and captured tanks to rescue a colonel. Imagineering made the 7800 version and…

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